What is the most common cause of aortic dissection?

Hypertension is indeed the most common cause of aortic dissection. Below normal conditions, the aorta is a robust vessel that can withstand significant pressure, but chronic hypertension can lead to changes in the aortic wall, such as degeneration of the elastic tissue and media, making it susceptible to dissection.

In individuals with high blood pressure, the force exerted on the aortic wall becomes excessive over time, leading to the potential for a tear in the intimal layer, which is the innermost layer of the aorta. Once this layer is compromised, blood can enter the medial layer of the aorta, creating a false lumen which can lead to further complications, including a rupture.

While genetic disorders, trauma, and conditions like aortic stenosis can contribute to the risk of dissection, they are less common compared to hypertension. Genetic conditions such as Marfan syndrome or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome do predispose certain individuals to aortic dissection but are not as prevalent in the general population. Trauma can certainly cause an aortic dissection, but it is much less frequent compared to spontaneous dissections caused by hypertension. Aortic stenosis, while it may lead to increased pressure and associated complications, is not a leading