Which of the following is not a risk factor for atherosclerosis and CAD?

Diabetes is indeed recognized as a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). It contributes to endothelial dysfunction, increased inflammation, and promotes the development of plaques within the arterial walls, leading to a higher tendency for cardiovascular events. Individuals with uncontrolled diabetes are particularly at risk due to the detrimental effects of elevated glucose levels on blood vessels.

The other factors listed, such as hyperlipidemia, obesity, and male gender, are also known to increase the risk for atherosclerosis and CAD. Hyperlipidemia refers to high levels of lipids in the blood, which can contribute to plaque formation in the arteries. Obesity is associated with various metabolic syndrome components, including insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, further heightening cardiovascular risk. Lastly, men tend to have a higher risk for developing CAD at a younger age compared to women, due in part to hormonal differences.

Thus, diabetes should be recognized as a key contributing factor to cardiovascular disease rather than not being a risk factor, emphasizing the importance of managing blood sugar levels to reduce cardiovascular risks. Understanding the interplay between these factors is crucial in effectively managing and preventing atherosclerosis and CAD.